精神病患者的權利

新加坡16歲青年余澎杉（Amos Yee）由於批評已故李光耀總理而被捕，被強制接受精神病治療，讓人擔心極權政府以此迫害異見份子。事件令人關注精神病患者的權利。

蘇格蘭

蘇格蘭議會在今年6月24日通過新的心理健康法案。當中有兩項新的措施保障受治療者的個人權利。

獨立的權益捍衛者

The Mental Health Bill, which was passed by the Scottish Parliament yesterday, requires local authorities and health boards to inform the Commission about how they have made sure that people with mental ill health or learning disability have access to independent advocacy: someone to speak on their behalf.

The Commission will monitor that information, and report on activity across Scotland.

治療機構，精神病院需要確保精神病患者和學習障礙患者接觸到獨立的權益捍衛者。這些獨立人士願意聽取患者的意見，捍衛患者的權利。各治療機構，精神病院需要就此向《心理健康福利委員會》滙報，以便受到監察。

未來聲明書

The Bill also gives the Commission new responsibilities related to advance statements. These are documents written by a person with a mental health condition, and are a way of saying how they would like to be treated in future if they are ever unable to make decisions about their treatment. They allow people to influence their own care, but they are not used as often as they could be.

The Bill requires health boards to publicise advance statements, and notify the Commission about what they are doing.

新法案也要求《心理健康福利委員會》監察“未來聲明書”的執行。患者有權撰寫“未來聲明書”，陳述在將來，當他的自決能力進一步惡化時，他希望如何接受治療和照顧。治療機構，精神病院需要公佈“未來聲明書”及知會《心理健康福利委員會》以便受到監察。

MENTAL WELFARE COMMISSION WELCOMES NEW POWERS

25 June 2015

The Mental Welfare Commission for Scotland today welcomed new powers which will allow it to do more to protect the rights of people with mental ill health.

Colin McKay, chief executive of the Mental Welfare Commission, said;" Independent advocacy and advance statements are both important safeguards that are there to help vulnerable people get their voices heard.”

"We welcome these new powers because they mean that we will, for the first time, have a picture of what is happening across Scotland. We will publish that information, and we will share ideas for best practice so that different areas can learn from each other.”

《心理健康福利委員會》發表聲明，歡迎新法案。委員會首席執行官科林·麥凱說：「“獨立的權益捍衛者”和“未來聲明書”都是重要的保障，有助易受傷害者的聲音得到重視。

我們歡迎這些賦與我們的新權力，因為它意味著，這些權利會在整個蘇格蘭受到保障。我們樂於公佈這項信息，讓世界各地可以參考這一最佳實踐。」

後記

新加坡奉行威權主義，其精神健康法，甚至整個社會，十分保守，違反人權。香港的精神健康條例來源於英國。但在制訂之時，立法者刪去了部份保障人權的條款。而且它沒有與時並進，沒有“獨立的權益捍衛者”和“未來聲明書”這些先進條文。

當大陸國安法入侵、23條惡法制訂和“一國兩制”下港人權利的被蠶食，精神健康條例急待修訂，增加保障人權的條款。