2016年12月19日 星期一

新德里機場是否棄用雷神?


在12月13日(星期二)的經濟發展事務委員會會議上,多名議員表示:“「雷神3/AT3/AutoTrac III」在全世界只有香港、杜拜、同印度嘅三個機場用緊,由於套嘢錯漏百出,杜拜已經停用大部份功能,新德里機場更決定喺出年棄用。”更有議員要求民航處處長去印度問下人,連印度都唔用 。

資料用源

蘋果日報在2014年4月08日 報導,“處方疑違反原則,在招標期間,Autotrac3僅在印度新德里機場試用,系統更曾在15個月內,發生六宗嚴重故障。” 蘋果再在2015年3月2 8日報導,“其中使用系統後多次險出意外的印度機場已為系統重新招標。”
香港經濟日報集團旗下的電子雜誌《e-zone》則在今年11月 14日報導,“AT3 僅應用於杜拜機場,以及印度新德里國際機場、清奈機場、孟買機場,而當中因屢次發生故障,更已被印度一機場棄用。”
這裡應特別注意《e-zone》的報導方式,它先用印度新德里國際機場等,再用印度一機場,有移形換步之嫌。

雷神三目前使用情況

2013年6月美通社(3),雷神三自動化系統在為迪拜國際(DXB)(2),阿勒馬克圖姆國際(DWC)(4,5),沙迦國際(SHJ)和米哈德空軍基地提供進場和離場服務,以及為哈伊馬角國際機場提供空中交通管制服務。該系統也安裝在迪拜國際和阿勒馬克圖姆國際控制塔(15)。
它在印度(12)三個最繁忙的機場連續運行兩年(2013年):新德里(DEL),孟買(BOM)和清奈(MAA)(6)。 該系統亦由香港民航處挑選。
在1999年,新德里(DEL),孟買(BOM)的雷神2系統升級花了9千萬美元(7億港元)(13)。

電子紙條系統

留意注九的“安裝在迪拜的AT3系統包括多雷達跟踪能力,高級飛行數據處理,高級安全網功能,在線數據交換,到達和離開管理以及電子紙條系統。”它所提及的電子紙條系統是香港今次事件的爭議之一。香港部份航空交通管理員認為其電子紙條系統不方便,要回復使用之前的實體字條。
今天,香港的電子紙條系統TEFS System 出了問題,究竟它是“融合於新航空交通管理系統(航管系統)內的一個子系統”,還是如迪拜的“The AT3 system installed in Dubai includes multi-radar tracking capabilities, advanced flight data processing, advanced safety net functions, online data interchange, arrival and departure management, and electronic flight strips.”則香港民航局需要回答。

爭議之出處


它出處之二是陳偉業接受一位電子工程師的投訴,引用了2012年5月的 Hindustan Times的 報導,及2013年7月的太陽報報導,而太陽報只是重復Hindustan Times。當時的問題並非雷神3,而是電神2升級及人為失誤(14),及當時的印度航空交通員的對工作的不滿。

2011年標書爭議

英德拉系統公司以雷神在2010年6月及7月事件對其落選抗辯,但裁決在第13段解釋了,
標書挑戰裁決書 2011年第2期
Indra Sistemas S.A. 英德拉系統公司
13 ...挑戰者(一家落選的西班牙公司),因此認為,.Auto Trac III不是一個具有經過實為有良好性能記錄的系統,因此是一個危險的系統。

但本審計委員會注意到,被投訴人在印度的第二階段沒有依賴印度的參考網站,而是評估投標條件附錄B第3項和第4項的條件是否得到滿足,以及投訴人沒有合理理由,因為在其他投標者和被投訴人之間存在的數據對雙方不具有約束力,並且未經同意,信息不能向任何其他方披露。(17)

我的意見

綜合以上,對印度事件的援引基本上是舊聞,及其標書爭議中已有解釋。而且,2010年1月的系統事故是雷神2而不是雷神3。
特別要注意的是印度只依賴雷神3做進場服務。但筆者在所有搜索中,包括印度國家民航局刊物 ( AIP),民航局年報,國際標書網站,及國際新聞報導,皆看不到新德里機場進行重新招標,及指責系統出了嚴重問題。況且,這系統才用了數年,重新招標是一重大新聞,印度國家民航局不可能不作披露。
基於此,筆者認為,重新招標說是一炒作新聞。


附錄

ATC MAASTRICHT, The Netherlands, Feb. 14, 2006 /PRNewswire/ -- Raytheon Company has released AutoTrac III, the next evolutionary step in Air Traffic Management (ATM) technology.

WASHINGTON, March 23, 2009 /PRNewswire/ -- Raytheon Company and the Dubai Department of Civil Aviation have signed a factory acceptance test certificate, an important step in delivering the AutoTrac III air traffic management system to Dubai World Central - Al Maktoum International Airport.

DUBAI AIRPORT SHOW, May 29, 2007 /PRNewswire/ -- Raytheon Company (NYSE: RTN) has completed the critical design review milestone on the General Civil Aviation Authority of United Arab Emirates AutoTrac III contract.

注2

Air traffic control tower

The air traffic control tower is an 8dxb-ATC-tower7 m (285 ft) and recently installed state-of-the-art air traffic management systems designed by Raytheon.
AutoTrac III provides air traffic controllers with the latest surveillance and flight data necessary to safely guide air traffic at some of the world’s busiest airport hubs.
AutoTrac III even allows controllers to predict conflicts 99 minutes into the future during the cruise phase of flight using information transmitted by the aircraft themselves.

It helps guide planes moving in and out of Dubai International, Dubai World Central, Al Maktoum International, Sharjah International and Minhad Air Force Base, as well as air traffic control service to Ras Al Khaimah International.
The systems are fundamental to next-generation air traffic control, which will allow more direct routes across the globe and more fuel-efficent approaches to airports.

注3

PARIS, June 19, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Raytheon Company's (NYSE: RTN) latest air traffic management automation systems have successfully gone into continuous operation at two of the world's busiest airport hubs: Dallas Fort Worth in the U.S. and Dubai in the United Arab Emirates.

Dallas Fort Worth is the first of the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) high volume hubs to transition to Raytheon's Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System (STARS) automation platform as the FAA modernizes the terminal approach control facilities (TRACONs) in the National Airspace System and installs a common terminal automation system across the FAA and the U.S. Department of Defense.

Raytheon's AutoTrac III features a new generation of flight and surveillance data processing systems and it provides the software and hardware to ensure the safety of air traffic for Dubai Approach Control. It can be easily expanded to accommodate anticipated air traffic growth in the region.

AutoTrac III has been in continuous operation for two years at India's three busiest airports: New Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. The system has also been selected by the Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department.

Raytheon's AutoTrac III automation system has also successfully transitioned to continuous operation in Dubai, providing approach and departure services for Dubai International, Dubai World Central, Al Maktoum International, Sharjah International, and Minhad Air Force Base, as well as air traffic control service to Ras Al Khaimah International. The system is also installed at the Dubai International and Al Maktoum International Control Towers.
AutoTrac III has been in continuous operation for two years at India’s three busiest airports: New Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai. The system has also been selected by the Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department.(2014)----- http://atcradarsim.com/

注4

Raytheon to provide ATM system to Al Maktoum airport
Raytheon Company is to install its next-generation air traffic management system, AutoTrac III (AT3), at Al Maktoum International Airport in Dubai, UAE.
The AT3 system, which will be operational by 2012, will manage air traffic control automation in Dubai's terminal airspace, and will provide approach control services for Al Maktoum International Airport, Dubai International Airport, Sharjah International Airport and the Al Minhad Airbase.
The system will also support tower operations at Dubai and Al Maktoum airports.
The AT3 system installed in Dubai includes multi-radar tracking capabilities, advanced flight data processing, advanced safety net functions, online data interchange, arrival and departure management, and electronic flight strips.
The next-generation ATM technology offers clear information to air traffic controllers on a situation display, covering flights, surveillance, aeronautical and meteorological data.

注5

Dubai Airport Review 2012
http://dubaiairportsreview.com/2012/people/capacity/
During 2012 Dubai Airports brought to fruition several of these initiatives to address the airspace constraints. Key among them was the redesign of all standard arrival and departure routes in Dubai airspace to accommodate the increased volumes of aircraft flying to and from Dubai International. The new designs increase the airspace capacity and in-flight efficiency, enhance safety, save fuel and reduce CO2 emissions. Following a rigorous validation process and a thorough air traffic controller training programme, the new procedures were implemented in August 2012.
Part of this expansion included Dubai Air Navigations Service’s(DANS) decision in April to move ATC staff controlling flights in Dubai airspace (departing from and arriving to both Dubai airports) to the spacious ATC radar facility at DWC.
The move to DWC took place as part of the phased conversion to a more advanced ATC system (Raytheon AT3) which, when fully installed, will become the backbone of ATC operations in Dubai. To ensure a smooth transition, and following a thorough planning process based on international best-practice, DANS installed, tested and commenced radar control operations at DWC using equipment identical to that which controllers were using in Dubai International prior to the move.
The move is paying dividends with staff located there handling some 1,200 flights per day. ATC staff in Dubai International’s tower continues to control all aircraft on the surface and in the close vicinity of the airport.
The second and final phase saw the installation of the new air traffic control system (AT3). In the final months of 2012 the system underwent the last stages of system configuration and fine-tuning, with the system becoming operational in February 2013. The new system has improved safety nets and is better able to cope with the significant increase in traffic volumes expected at both of Dubai’s airports in the years ahead.


美通社
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates, Nov. 14, 2011 /PRNewswire/ --The company's next-generation ATM system, AutoTrac III (AT3), installed at Dubai World Central's Al Maktoum International Airport, is scheduled to be operational next year.
Raytheon is a global leader in ATM, with systems in more than 50 countries helping to control more than 60 percent of the world's airspace. Raytheon has delivered air traffic control systems across the Middle East, including installations in the U.A.E., the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Oman, Lebanon, Iraq and Kurdistan.

注6

Raytheon bags contract to automate ATC for Chennai airport
Last updated: 28 February, 2010
New Delhi, Feb 28 (PTI)
US communication and aviation company Raytheon has won a contract to automate air traffic control services at the Chennai International Airport.
The company will install its next-generation air traffic management system AutoTrac III which is expected to help reduce delays in aircraft arrival and departure, a company release said here.
The new system will also have real-time meteorological information to assist air traffic controllers in adjusting to changing weather conditions, it said.In addition to the Chennai International Airport, Raytheon is also upgrading air traffic management systems at the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in Mumbai and at the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi.
"This award continues our long-standing relationship with Airports Authority of India and its commitment to make Indian air space as safe as possible," said Andy Zogg, Raytheon Network Centric Systems vice president of Command and Control Systems.
AutoTrac III boasts of a modern, open architecture design which is fully adaptable and scaleable to fit any air traffic management environment from simple

注7

Technology Today

2011 ISSUE 2
AutoTrac III features a new generation of flight and surveillance data processing systems to ensure the safety of air traffic. The system’s modern, open architecture design and high performance is fully adaptable and scalable to fit any air traffic management environment, from simple tower automation to a fully integrated multi-center system
Raytheon partnered with AirDat LLC to integrate data collected with its Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Report (TAMDAR) weather sensors and advanced atmospheric modeling capabilities. The information was translated through Raytheon’s Frame system and conveyed to STARS to provide environmental impact areas for route planners in terminal radar approach control facilities. Similarly, the information could also be conveyed to Raytheon’s state-of-the-art air traffic management system, AutoTrac III2. The environmental data and impact information, including reports and alerts, was conveyed to the cockpit via the EDM.


注8


Dots in the Dubai Sky: Thousands Travel to Air Show Guided by 'Invisible' Technology
The control tower at Al Maktoum International Airport watches over planes during the 2013 Dubai Air Show. Raytheon's Auto Trac III manages all of the air traffic into the Dubai area.
The control tower at Al Maktoum International Airport watches over planes during the 2013 Dubai Air Show. Raytheon's Auto Trac III manages all of the air traffic into the Dubai area.
An invisible presence helped guide thousands of people from around the globe to the Dubai Air Show this year. Travelers likely didn't give it a second thought, but Raytheon's Auto Trac III air traffic management system, recently installed in the United Arab Emirates, played a vital role in getting passengers safely to the ground.

The system gives air traffic controllers powerful new tools and even allows them to predict conflicts 99 minutes ahead of time using information transmitted by the aircraft themselves.
"They can actually see into the future and solve problems before they happen," said Bob Meyer, Raytheon's director of air traffic systems.
AutoTrac III is in continuous operation at Dubai International, the world's fourth-busiest airfield. It also helps guide planes at Al Maktoum International, Sharjah International, Minhad Air
Force Base and Ras Al Khaimah International.

The next-generation system is fundamental to the future of air traffic control. Such systems will allow planes to fly more direct routes across the globe and take more fuel-efficient approaches to airports.
If an arriving aircraft has to circle in order to accommodate a large amount of traffic in the arrival flight pattern, it results in additional cost to the airline, Meyer said.
"Managing the traffic pattern safely, with an eye on efficiency, results in satisfied passengers and a more profitable flight for the airline itself," he said.
The advances come as experts predict a rise in air traffic, especially in the Middle East.
Raytheon flags fly near a ground control tower at Al Maktoum International Airport, site of the 2013 Dubai Air Show.
Raytheon flags fly near a ground control tower at Al Maktoum International Airport, site of the 2013 Dubai Air Show.
"Safety must remain the most essential concern in air traffic management,"said Jim McCoy, Raytheon's vice president of air traffic management. "Maintaining the highest safety standards, while bringing predictive capabilities that increase efficiency, will create a positive situation for everyone."
Raytheon has a long history of air traffic management dating back to the magnetrons, or radio transmitters, that it produced for early radar systems during World War II.
Its systems manage 60 percent of the world's airspace, and it is the leading provider of systems designed to improve the accuracy of satellite-based navigation.
Raytheon UK ,Published: 10/27/2014

注9

Raytheon to provide ATM system to Al Maktoum airport
News
NOV 16 2011
Raytheon Company is to install its next-generation air traffic management system, AutoTrac III (AT3), at Al Maktoum International Airport in Dubai, UAE.
The AT3 system, which will be operational by 2012, will manage air traffic control automation in Dubai's terminal airspace, and will provide approach control services for Al Maktoum International Airport, Dubai International Airport, Sharjah International Airport and the Al Minhad Airbase.
The system will also support tower operations at Dubai and Al Maktoum airports.
The AT3 system installed in Dubai includes multi-radar tracking capabilities, advanced flight data processing, advanced safety net functions, online data interchange, arrival and departure management, and electronic flight strips.
The next-generation ATM technology offers clear information to air traffic controllers on a situation display, covering flights, surveillance, aeronautical and meteorological data.

注10

Air Navigation Services

注11

Airports Authority of India
Delhi is equipped with an ASR/MSSR with a range of 210 nautical miles and an automated ATC system (RAYTHEON). Specially designed standard procedures like SIDS and STARS are used to complement laid down ATS routes. To cope up with the periods of very low visibility due to fog, special ILS CAT III (B) equipment is installed at IGI Airport, Delhi

注12

http://articles.sae.org/7766/
Raytheon to enhance air traffic management systems in India
04-Mar-2010 06:37 EST
The Airports Authority of India awarded Raytheon Co. a contract to automate air traffic control services at the Chennai International Airport. Raytheon will install AutoTrac III, its next-generation air traffic management system, to help reduce delays in aircraft arrival and departure. The system will also have real-time meteorological information to assist air traffic controllers in adjusting to changing weather conditions. In addition to the Chennai International Airport, Raytheon is upgrading air traffic management systems at the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in Mumbai and at the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi.

3 MARCH 2010
RAYTHEON TO INSTALL AUTOTRAC III AT CHENNAI AIRPORT IN INDIA



注13

After Years of Snags, Safety Concerns, India Gets New Air Navigation System
By JONATHAN KARP Staff Reporter of The Wall Street Journal
Updated Jan. 15, 1999 12:01 a.m. ET


NEW DELHI -- The winter fog hasn't lifted, but India's skies are already friendlier for flying.

On Thursday, India inaugurated an advanced air traffic control system built by Raytheon Co., ending years of teething problems and bureaucratic snags and replacing 25-year-old equipment that pilots say made New Delhi a dangerous destination.

The launch ceremony for the radar and navigational system took place in dense fog, which has disrupted New Delhi air travel since mid-December. Hundreds of international and domestic flights have been grounded, delayed or diverted, stranding passengers and costing airlines millions of dollars.

The new air traffic control system, part of a $90 million contract awarded to Raytheon, of Lexington, Mass., to upgrade New Delhi and Bombay airports, won't immediately eliminate fog delays because the fog is extremely thick. Air traffic controllers began using it Jan. 1, and fog has since forced the airport to close on a few nights. But the new equipment gives New Delhi important technology that could eventually let airplanes take off and land in zero visibility. More important, the enhanced radar should help prevent frequent near-misses and a repeat of the tragic 1996 midair collision near New Delhi that killed 349 people.

'State-of-the-Art' System
"Today, New Delhi has a state-of-the-art air traffic control system equal to anything in the world," says Mohan Pai, president of Raytheon India. "Two months ago, it had something archaic."

The old radar didn't show air traffic controllers the altitudes of aircraft they were directing. Radio communications were often patchy, and flight information records were written by hand instead of by computer. In November, the International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations expressed dismay by lowering its rating for New Delhi airport to deficient and for Bombay to critically deficient.

It didn't help India's reputation that the Raytheon equipment had been installed in New Delhi months before -- in March 1998 -- but the Airports Authority of India hadn't begun using it. The authority was mired in a pay dispute with air traffic controllers. The controllers also objected to certain elements of Raytheon's new system, such as headsets with one earpiece -- the international standard -- instead of the familiar two.

The controllers grudgingly relented, but their union boss warns the system is unsafe and that they won't be responsible for any air safety mishaps. "When no one is listening to you, it's better to move on," says Brijendra Shekhar, the union leader. "If something has to go wrong, it will go wrong."

Many Hurdles
Besides learning curves, Raytheon faced other hurdles that set back the project, which it won in 1993 and originally planned to complete before 1996. Electricity glitches, poor construction work and delays clearing equipment through customs hindered progress. Political instability left key posts at the airport authority vacant, meaning there were no bureaucrats to make decisions. Sometimes, plain bad luck hit. In October, just as Raytheon prepared to hand over the air traffic control system in Bombay, lightning struck the radar unit. It will take until March to rebuild the site.

Often, Raytheon stepped into the vacuum to keep the project moving, providing services that went beyond its contractual duties. For months, Raytheon and the airport authority disagreed over whether the instrument landing system in New Delhi performed up to par. Even though foreign experts sided with Raytheon, the company agreed to sell India the most sophisticated landing system at a steep discount.


India recognizes that it must invest in air safety and better airports to achieve rapid economic growth and stimulate tourism, and Raytheon hopes to win more business in this vast country.

The latest deal, for the instrument landing system, was closed in mid-December, just as the heavy fog descended. To show goodwill, Raytheon rushed the equipment to India two months ahead of the contract's deadline.

注14

DELHI AIRPORT SYSTEM CRASH DUE TO MANUAL PROCEDURAL ERROR: RAYTHEON
Wed, 20 Jan 2010-05:52pm , New Delhi , PTI
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-delhi-airport-system-crash-due-to-manual-procedural-error-raytheon-1337031

On the evening of January 14, the automation system at the ATC tower crashed while Raytheon's Auto Trac II system was being upgraded.


The crash of the air traffic management (ATM) system at IGI Airport last week, endangering large number of lives, seems to have been caused by "a manual procedural error", a US technology firm which is upgrading the aviation technology here, said today.

As enquiries by Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)and Airports Authority of India (AAI) were continuing, Raytheon said, "the interruption of the ATM system appears to have been caused by a manual procedural error."

On the evening of January 14, the automation system at the ATC tower crashed while Raytheon's AutoTrac II system was being upgraded. This led to severe air traffic congestion over the Delhi air space which could have endangered lives.

The US company's AutoTrac III system, which is currently in 'shadow' mode or is operational but not being fully used, "was quickly put into service to mitigate the impact on flight operations", a Raytheon spokesperson said in a statement from Washington.

"We have been working with our customer since the incident occurred to help with AAI's on-going inquiry and to determine what additional procedural steps can be taken to prevent future interruptions," he said.

Maintaining that Raytheon would continue to assist AAI in its ongoing investigations into the incident, he claimed that Autotrac-II, which is currently being operated by the ATC here, has been installed at over 30 locations around the world and has "an excellent performance record".

注15

Raytheon aids Saudis on air traffic
Nov. 18, 2009 at 5:20 PM          
RIYADH, Saudi Arabia, Nov. 18 (UPI) -- Defense contractor Raytheon has won a contract from Saudi Arabia to help expand its nationwide air traffic management system.

The terms of the deal have yet to be disclosed, but the agreement was announced at an international Air Show, currently taking place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Local reports suggest the air traffic management will take place throughout the kingdom based on cooperative surveillance. The system is also expected to boost flight safety for Saudi Arabia's booming domestic airline sector and bolster the efficiency of the kingdom's traffic management system.

"Under the program, 21 systems with supporting infrastructure will be deployed for en route service," Trade Arabia reported.

"Raytheon will also establish a regional maintenance facility within the kingdom to support the systems," it added of the deal that was awarded by the Saudi Arabian General Authority of Civil Aviation.

The facility is intended to support other navigation service providers in the greater Middle East region.

Raytheon, based in Waltham, Mass., has been trying to tap into the specific industry, arguing the existence of a burgeoning market as governments in the Middle East move to replace or refurbishing outdated airport security infrastructure. The rise in terrorist threats has also propelled Middle East governments to bolster airport security measures.

The Saudi deal is one of two agreements that Raytheon has clinched recently for its air traffic management solutions.

Oman, for example, recently chose Raytheon to shield its new Muscat International Airport with a state-of-the-art radar system.

"Air traffic control and radar system is a business we've been in for 50 years and in 80 countries," Jerry Toby, vice president of international business development for Raytheon's Network Centric Systems divisions, was quoted as saying during the Dubai Air Show.

"But we've been branching out in the last six to eight years into supplying solutions for critical infrastructure."

Raytheon has also signed on to a similar deal with the local Kurdistan government in northern Iraq. Its security solutions there are expected to focus on access control, vehicle screening as well as passenger and baggage checking.

"A lot of airports in the region were built 20 years ago. In those days it was more about people stealing things or someone straying onto the runway," Toby said. "Today it is a completely different environment."

The Saudi system's first testing is expected by the end of the month.


注16

Raytheon to assist U.K air traffic control
Oct. 18, 2012 at 3:20 PM           

HARLOW, England, Oct. 18 (UPI) -- Raytheon UK will provide logistical support for air traffic control infrastructure in Britain under a 15-year multimillion dollar award from NATS Holdings.

NATS, formerly known as National Air Traffic Services Ltd., is the country's principal air navigation service with 23 en-route radar sites.


Under the award, Raytheon UK provide technical assistance, radar repair, materials for maintenance and manage obsolescence issues.

"NATS' en-route radar sites are integral to U.K. air traffic control, providing data used for the control of the majority of aircraft movements in U.K. airspace," said Richard Daniel, Raytheon UK managing director for the Defense and Air Traffic business. "This contract will run until 2028 and will see Raytheon continue to support NATS over the full lifetime of these systems.

"Winning this contract demonstrates the capability of the Radar Site Services project team in delivering two previous support contracts, and enhances the company's relationship with NATS."

Added David Hawken, NATS general manager for engineering service delivery: "Raytheon has worked with us for the past eight years managing the maintenance of our radar sites across the UK and, based on performance, was a logical choice to continue that support over the next 15 years."

注17

Bill Challenge No.2 of 2011
Indra Sistemas S. A.

13 …The Compliant says, therefore, .Auto Trac III was not a system with a proven performance record and hence a risky system to adopt.

But this Board notes  that the Respondent did not rely on the reference site in India under Stage 2 of its assessment as to whether the conditions in the Conditions of Tender Appendix B Item 3 and 4 were satisfied, and this the Complainant was not in a position to dispute because data existing between other tenderers and the Respondent were privy to the parties and information was not disclosable to any other party without consent.



2016年12月17日 星期六

全球資料標準


全球資料標準是經標準化編碼,為所有產品、營業地點和貿易商提供,由出發點至最終目的地實時追蹤貨物的相關資料。它可就運送途中的貨物的數量、地點和狀況提供更準確狀態(例如以冷凍貯存的易腐產品的溫度)。它有利於符合各跨境規定和風險管理,減少重複檢驗,並讓該等貨物優先清關。

亞太經合組織

亞太經合組織於 1989 年成立,現有 21 個成員經濟體,即澳洲、汶萊、加拿大、智利、中國、中國香港、印尼、日本、韓國、馬來西亞、墨西哥、新西蘭、巴布亞新畿內亞、秘魯、菲律賓、俄羅斯、新加坡、中國台北、泰國、美國及越南。

《利馬宣言》
經合組在2016 年 11 月於秘魯利馬(梁振英及習近平有份出席)通過《亞太自由貿易區利馬宣言》,它簡略為:

(i) 在 2020 年或之前,找出特定的工作範疇;
(ii) 識別下一代貿易和投資議題,;及
(iii)促進政策協調和開展工業/界別對話。


全球資料標準先導計劃

香港和新西蘭牽頭全球資料標準計劃,其先導計劃清單為:
(i)澳洲至香港的葡萄酒;
(ii)澳洲至美國的盒裝肉類;
(iii)新西蘭至韓國的鹿茸;
(iv)馬來西亞至香港和中國的榴槤;
(v)墨西哥至美國的龍舌蘭酒;及
(vi)秘魯至美國的蘆筍。

初步成果



先導計劃迄今的效益為,減少貨櫃滯船費及留置費。其餘下項目定於今年年底前完成。香港和新西蘭將於2017年稍後期間舉辦一個工作坊,向其他成員推廣成果。

2016年12月13日 星期二

而今還提公民提名?



而今還有人提公民提名?可能與泛民(加水份)奪得325席選委,興奮過度有關。問題主要是他們在之前無共識 ,難以借此機會來推行一個全民運動。

公民提名本質上是提名委員會怪胎下的產物。現在反正沒有普選,還有排吹,為何不乾脆要求沒有提名委員會的一人一票選舉呢!
雖然制造多點泡沫可以提高士氣。但你估我們看一百篇日本動畫《千與千尋》,就有很多美食任食唔嬲嗎?之後還有小朋友拯救我們嗎?

我們可能吹吓吹吓,民主中國都快來臨。屆時大陸佬會奇怪,他們已能夠自由選出總統,為何香港還要提名委員會呢?

提出實質公民提名的,請快D講清楚與831的分別。是否最終都是由目前的1200人選舉委員會按一輪或是多輪選出?說到底,問題依然是:
一)泛民在角逐選委前沒有共識;
二)投票以暗票方式進行;
三)之前的只會打689牌。
因此,很多的所謂對策都屬自說自話。

831


(一)須組成一個有廣泛代表性的提名委員會。提名委員會的人數、構成和委員產生辦法按照第四任行政長官選舉委員會的人數、構成和委員產生辦法而規定。
(二)提名委員會按民主程序提名產生二至三名行政長官候選人。每名候選人均須獲得提名委員會全體委員半數以上的支持。


我唔係潑冷水,你們很多還年輕,還有希望。我有一個寶貝姨甥女,讀完副學士。我對我的好友說,她沒有學壞,有把日子,不何能看死,將來還有希望日子。不過,可能要等待我死之後,我可能睇唔到啦!

點解提出公民提名的年青人唔係以史為鑑,睇吓民主回歸派現在的慘情。將來到他們成為民主阿伯和阿婆的時候,又有人話他們出賣了民主,令香港沒有真普選……,“連試都唔試吓!”

香港前途


香港的民主發展可能與中美關係有關。你估特朗普真係知道一個中國、二個中國,還是三個中國咩?他是找些籍口,迫使美國資本回流美國!假若台海局勢緊張,香港還想多些民主,可能要發夢啦!

葉劉、林鄭、曾俊華


依筆者在《小圈子提名,前事不忘,從事之師》文章的分析,筆者估計,今次有能力角逐(或阿爺容許),還是831的2至3人。若然,他們可能就是葉劉、林鄭和曾俊華。
由於現在很多黃絲都上哂腦,以為有得揀,筆者遵循不評論宗教原則,盡量不對三人作比例,以免口臭。
很多人沒有近距離觀察過葉劉,大家可看看她主持財委會屬下的人事編制小組委員會。她收拾得反對派dup dup 掂。在上屆最後一次會議中,她好像老虎。在反對派拉布中,有議員過了時限提出點人數,她一概拒絕,不似梁耀忠的優柔寡斷;當反對派在時限中提出時,她照打鐘5分鐘,讓他們拉布。
有一段話是會議結束後,她的臨別贈言,在網上看不到的。她說:“你哋要拉布就拉布啦!不過要錫著我。最後,祝大家放假玩得開心D。”
她在立會混了不少時間!你們見反對派有冇在立會會議裡針對她!
另外,林鄭也不是善類,她到立會發言,前呼後擁,準備到加零一,她每次出席,必然帶少少讓步空間,絕不是其他問責官員可比。現時的所謂評論和比較,完全冇做功課!
另外,要注意梁振英所說的曾俊華辭職影響財政預算案工作,若上頭不將他放在2-3人,上頭有可能直接拒絕他辭職。若然他順利辭職,他不會是省油的燈。

最特殊的結局


主流泛民認為可借此機會與中央講數,一是影響人選,二是影響政策。他們還認為中央未必已作最後決定。筆者不認同這想法。
筆者雖然在前文質疑一些做法,但不表示今次不可以玩嘢。根據選委會的選舉方法,一,二的a, b,c,d,e和第二部分︰無競逐的選舉,共7個可能性,第一輪投票可能不過當選必須的601票或以上,泛民的代表有可能成為第二得票者。

若然,他將與真命天子進入第二輪投票,這會氣死中央,中央會感到冇面。

2016年12月11日 星期日

小圈子選舉


泛民爭取入閘提名委員會應在本文刊登前有結果。梁振英宣佈不角逐連任後,泛民支持者突然覺得有很多選擇,有些甚至貼出雨過天晴的照片。其實,831決定和基本法附件框架等完全沒有改變,仍然生效。

立法會普選


根據基本法文件二十一,2007年12月29日的人大決議,“在行政長官由普選產生以後,香港特別行政區立法會的選舉可以實行全部議員由普選產生的辦法。”因而,立法會普選無期。

831決定

人大常委會於2014年8月31日作出了三項決定:
(1) 2017年有權提名特首候選人的,只有提名委員會,而人數、組成和委員的產生辦法,依舊按照現行由1200人,四大界別組成的選舉委員會產生辦法。
(2) 特首參選人須取得過半數提委會委員提名,才能出閘選特首。
(3) 限制提名委員會只能選出2至3個候選人。
831決定是其後9月的雨傘運動的催化劑。根據它,泛民沒有可能提名自己的參選人,胡國興入閘機會很微。最後的三人極有可能為葉劉、林鄭和曾俊華。現在已有些之前對梁振英十分反感的,認為林鄭比梁振英更衰。可見,民意十分混亂。

流程

選舉事務處表示,“計劃將行政長官選舉的提名期定為 2017 年 2 月 14 日至 3 月 1日。………….根據《行政長官選舉條例》,新投票日將訂於終止該選舉程序後的第 42 日,即 2017 年 5 月 7 日。”

後記

在這段時間到明年2至3月,我們可能見到5至6人吹水放風開記者招持會聲稱參選特首,到3 月篩剩3人,到5月就玩完。
期間,泛民選出的提名委員會成員當然要做D嘢。

筆者在2014年9月登在852的一文《謊言聽到太多,人們便不會關心事實》引用了一段故事,“民調也可以用作政治投機,在2005年特首小圈子選舉中,民主派的社福界選委蔡海偉和狄志遠等19票以民調為擋箭牌轉投曾蔭權,令其黨友李永達只得52票,無緣角逐。”

2016年12月9日 星期五

我與梁振英



梁振英是否爭取連任已向塵埃落定。筆者和梁振英是中學同班同學。我在今年七一遊行的宣言結尾如下:

我在七一維園的演講詞



免於恐懼的自由
我們的最卑微的要求是,免於恐懼的自由。林榮基受到嚴重威脅,「被迫缺席遊行」。這一恐懼來自大陸。
我們受到恐嚇,受到撥泠水。我們受到孤立。不過,歷史佷多時是由孤立者改寫的。我們要堅持,無論遇到任何衝擊,我們在今天都堅持要行到終點。這就是香港人。今天,我的很多朋友都呼籲小心。但在高牆與雞蛋之間,雞蛋只餘下勇氣。我們對制度已經死心。我們不相信中共承諾的制度,但我們相信人心。我們需要勇氣,以改變人心。

梁振英
梁振英,我相信你在2012年角逐特首的時候,估不到香港的情況會惡劣到今天的地步。我和你是英皇書院的同學。英皇的校歌代表英皇精神。英皇精神就是榮耀。你再連任只會有辱無榮。你再做有機會令香港暴動,要死人的。我認為你是一個錯誤的人物,放在一個錯誤的地方。

為了香港好,我呼籲你放棄角逐連任。

馬前跑


我在昨晚才告訴我的英皇舊同學,我在9月1日英皇假座禮賓府的晚宴上,捉著梁振英的手,告訴他,不要角逐連任,他的太太坐在他身旁,他身體語言反應頗大。

昨晚,我正談及美國特朗普的當選及香港的事前預測之蹩脚,朋友插話,要求我直接評論下屆特首選舉問題。

我表示,總的來說,梁振英不會成為下屆特首,其理由為,北京已在立法會和法院,將香港人踩為地底泥,它可以在特首問題上稍作讓步,讓香港人洩點氣(大意),梁振英可能有得當陪跑,但只限於此。

後記


我在臉書曾留言:“忙了一整天,黄昏收到一個壞消息。再回到家才知道另一個更壞的消息。下周四高院審理4名議員資格的司法覆核案,內心十分痛苦。”

有一位舊同學表示關心。我們的對話如下:

A君:甚麼傷心事?
        :冇事吖嗎?

筆者:尚未死得!

A君: 凡事睇開D。

筆者: (隱藏)

A君: 冇法,幾乎所有人都認為是梁振英的選舉工程。其實根本不是選舉,何需選舉工程?他們把國家政策當成是梁振英的個人政策。不知道大限將至。

筆者:問題根本不在梁振英

A君:當然。他也沒有這本事。


泛民將本周未的反對司法覆核4位議員的集會定調為反對梁振英連任,它令筆者十分失望,現在,泛民要重新定調了,希望他們不會出橫額,表示成功爭取吧!